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〕 |capital = Derbent |status = Khanate }} The Derbent Khanate ((ペルシア語:خانات دربند ) — ''Khānāt-e Darband'', (アゼルバイジャン語:Dərbənd xanlığı)) was an Caucasian khanate〔Tadeusz Swietochowski. Russian Azerbaijan, 1905—1920: The Shaping of National Identity in a Muslim Community. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, 2004.〕 that was established in Afsharid Iran. It corresponded to southern Dagestan and its center was at Derbent. It included the northern clans of Lezgian people. ==History== Large parts of Dagestan had been part of the Iranian Safavid Empire since the 16h century. At the beginning of the 18th century, following the slow disintegration of the Safavid state, there were uprisings in the Northeast Caucasus against the Persian rule. The Russian and Ottoman Empire, both imperial rivals of the Persians, made usage of this. In 1722, Peter the Great declared war on Persia and started the Russo-Persian War (1722-1723). This was the first time the Russians made an expedition for the capture of Derbent and beyond down the Caucasus. During and before the occupation of Derbent by Peter I, the naib of city was Imam Quli Khan and was naturally a Shiite like the rest of the Safavid Empire. He proposed the Russian emperor the keys to the city gates. Peter I reappointed Imam Quli Khan as the head of Derbent and its "native" troops by assigning him the rank of Major-General. In September 1723 following the Russo-Persian War (1722-1723) and the outcoming Treaty of Saint Petersburg, the Safavid Shah Sultan Husayn, whose empire was for years already in dissaray and crumbling, was forced to cede Derbent alongside the many other Iranian territories in the Caucasus. However, some years later in connection with the aggravation of Russian-Turkish relations, and the new rise of Persia now led by the brilliant military general Nader Shah, Russia found itself forced to cede all territories back by March 1735 in the Treaty of Ganja in order to deter itself from a costly war against Persia, and also to construct an alliance against the common neighboring foe; Ottoman Turkey. Most of the other territories were already given back in the Treaty of Resht in 1732 as part of the same reasons.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NADER SHAH )〕 After the death of Nadir Shah in 1747 his huge empire disintegrated and the former Persian provinces in the Caucasus (Beylerbeyis) formed two dozen semi-independent and dependant khanates, one of which was newly formed the Derbent Khanate.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Caspian Sea Encyclopedia )〕 Starting from 1747 with the title of Khan, the first ruler of the Derbent Khanate became the son of Imam Kuli Khan - Muhammad Hassan (also mentioned as Magomed-Hussein or Mohammed Hussein).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Derbent Khanate」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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